Request Strategies Pragmatic Study By Iraqi Elf University Learners
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Pragmatic consciousness, strategies of Request, EFL students, polite request, communication
الملخص
This study explaining pragmatic consciousness EFL learners depending strategies of request, using in acquisition pragmatic capability in the academic besides the social communication. The research offered by a public programmer leading to the prioritizes are in need of English learners to improve the capability of using request in a successful way in social besides the academic communications.
This research targeted for illustrating the strategies essential role to develop the awareness learners' pragmatic of undergraduate Iraqi EFL learners. Besides, lots of learners of English language failing to provide pragmatic capability of the way of using request by associating their meanings utterances, deliberate the language users' intention. A developed studies on the strategies effectiveness to increase students 'pragmatic consciousness in EFL teaching.
Discussing improving language learners’ pragmatic capability significance considered one of the important needs of the successful communication. focusing on requests speech act being speech act most regularly studying.
The current research showing an intermediate level Iraq EFL learners tending of using conventional indirect strategies for making requests besides using different structures depending the internal besides external modifications for making their requests more polite, yet request strategies choice in the formal conditions not different to a large extent from that informal contexts used .
المراجع
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2. Alzeebaree, Y. andYavuz, M. (2017) Realization of the Speech Acts of Request and Apology by Middle Eastern EFL Learners. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education ISSN: 1305-8223 (online) 1305-8215.
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8. Blum-Kulka, S., and Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics 5, 196- 213.
9. Bremner, S. (1998). Language learning strategies and language proficiency: Investigating the relationship in Hong Kong. Asian Pacific Journal of Language in Education, 1(2),490-514.
10. Byram, M. (Ed.). (2000). Routledge encyclopedia of language teaching and learning.London and New York: Routledge. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 5147-5151.
11. Canale, M. (1983). From communicative competence to language pedagogy. In J. Richards and R. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and Communication (pp. 2-27). London: Longman.
12. Daskalovska, N., Ivanovska, B., Kusevska, M. and Ulanska, T. (2016). The Use of Request Strategies by EFL
13. Ellis, R. (1992). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14. Ersözlü, Z. N. (2010). Determining of the student teachers‟learning and studying strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15. Eslami-Rasekh, Z. (2005). Raising the pragmatic awareness of language learners. ELT Journal, 59(3), 199-208.
16. Green, J., and Oxford, R. L. (1995). A closer look at learning strategies, L2 proficiency, and gender. TESOL Quarterly, 29(2), 261-297.
17. Griffiths, C. (2003). Patterns of language learning strategy use. System, 31(3), 367-383.
18. Hill, T. (1997). The development of pragmatic competence in an EFL context. Dissertation Abstracts International, 58,3905.
19. Hong-Nam, K., and Leavell, A. G. (2006). Language learning strategy use of ESL students in an intensive English learning context. System, 34(3), 399-415.
20. Hussein, N and Albakri, I (2019). Iraqi Learners’ Problems in Learning Speech Act of Request in EFL Classroom. Journal of Education and Practice. ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN
21. Hussein, N and Elttayef, A (2018). The effect of authentic materials on developing undergraduate EFL students’ communicative competence. Journal of literature, Languages and linguistic .ISSI 2422-8535.
22. Hussein, N, .Albakri, I (2019). The importance of the speech act of request in the Iraqi EFL classroom. International Journal of English Research ISSN: 2455-2186. Volume 5; Issue 2; Page No. 95-98.
23. Koike, D. A. (1989). Pragmatic competence and adult L2 acquisition: Speech acts in Interlanguage. The Modern Language Journal. Vol.73, 279-289.
24. Mitkovska, L., Kusevska, M., and Buzarovska, E. (2013). Corpus investigations of the English interlanguage of Macedonian learners. Skopje:FON University.
25. Pratama, H., Nurkamto, J., Rustono, R. and Marmanto, S. (2017). Second Language Learners' Comprehension of Conversational Implicatures in English. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. Vol. 23(3).
26. Rueda, Y. (2006) ‘Developing pragmatic competence in a foreign language’, Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 8,pp. 169–182.
27. Saad, N.S.M., Yunus, M.M. and Embi, M.A., (2014). The successes and challenges in English language learning experiences of postgraduate international students in Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 5(19), 206-20
28. Salehi, M. (2013). The effect of instruction on the development of pragmatic competence. International Journal of Social Science Research, 1(2), 86-97.
29. Sattar, H. Q., and Farnia, M. (2014). A cross-cultural study of request speech act: Iraqi and Malay students. Applied research on English language, 3(2), 35-54.
30. Shridhar, K., and Shridhar, S. (1986). Bridging the paradigm gap: Second language acquisition theory and indigenized varieties of English. World English's, 5, 3-14.
31. Thomas, J. (1983). Cross cultural pragmatic failure. Applied Linguistics, 4, 91-112.
32. Tuncer, U. (2009). How do monolingual and bilingual language learners differ in use of learning strategies while learning a foreign language? Evidences from Mersin University. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences.
33. Vellenga, H. (2004). Learning pragmatics from ESL and EFL textbooks: How likely? TESL- Electronic Journal, 8(2), 1-18.
34. Verschueren, J. (1999). Understanding pragmatics. London ,New York, Sydney: Arnold.
35. Yang, N. D. (1999). The relationship between EFL learners' beliefs and learning strategy use. System, 27(4), 515-535.
2. Alzeebaree, Y. andYavuz, M. (2017) Realization of the Speech Acts of Request and Apology by Middle Eastern EFL Learners. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education ISSN: 1305-8223 (online) 1305-8215.
3. Bachman, L. (1990). Fundamental consideration in language testing. New York: Oxford University Press.
4. Bardovi-Harlig, K., and Dörnyei, Z. (1997). Pragmatic awareness and instructed L2 learning: An empirical investigation. Paper presented at the AAAL 1997 Conference, Orlando.
5. Bardovi-Harlig, K., and Hartford, B. (1997). Beyond methods:Elements of second language teacher education. NewYork: McGraw-Hill.
6. Bataineh, A. and Hussein, N. (2015). The effect of using webcam chat on the undergraduate EFL students' pragmatic competence. International Journal of education. ISSIN 1948-4576. VO.7.NO .2.
7. Bataineh, A., and Hussein, N. (2015). The effect of using web-cam chat on the undergraduate EFL students' pragmatic competence. International Journal of education. ISSIN 1948- 4576. VO. 7. NO, 2.
8. Blum-Kulka, S., and Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics 5, 196- 213.
9. Bremner, S. (1998). Language learning strategies and language proficiency: Investigating the relationship in Hong Kong. Asian Pacific Journal of Language in Education, 1(2),490-514.
10. Byram, M. (Ed.). (2000). Routledge encyclopedia of language teaching and learning.London and New York: Routledge. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 5147-5151.
11. Canale, M. (1983). From communicative competence to language pedagogy. In J. Richards and R. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and Communication (pp. 2-27). London: Longman.
12. Daskalovska, N., Ivanovska, B., Kusevska, M. and Ulanska, T. (2016). The Use of Request Strategies by EFL
13. Ellis, R. (1992). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14. Ersözlü, Z. N. (2010). Determining of the student teachers‟learning and studying strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15. Eslami-Rasekh, Z. (2005). Raising the pragmatic awareness of language learners. ELT Journal, 59(3), 199-208.
16. Green, J., and Oxford, R. L. (1995). A closer look at learning strategies, L2 proficiency, and gender. TESOL Quarterly, 29(2), 261-297.
17. Griffiths, C. (2003). Patterns of language learning strategy use. System, 31(3), 367-383.
18. Hill, T. (1997). The development of pragmatic competence in an EFL context. Dissertation Abstracts International, 58,3905.
19. Hong-Nam, K., and Leavell, A. G. (2006). Language learning strategy use of ESL students in an intensive English learning context. System, 34(3), 399-415.
20. Hussein, N and Albakri, I (2019). Iraqi Learners’ Problems in Learning Speech Act of Request in EFL Classroom. Journal of Education and Practice. ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN
21. Hussein, N and Elttayef, A (2018). The effect of authentic materials on developing undergraduate EFL students’ communicative competence. Journal of literature, Languages and linguistic .ISSI 2422-8535.
22. Hussein, N, .Albakri, I (2019). The importance of the speech act of request in the Iraqi EFL classroom. International Journal of English Research ISSN: 2455-2186. Volume 5; Issue 2; Page No. 95-98.
23. Koike, D. A. (1989). Pragmatic competence and adult L2 acquisition: Speech acts in Interlanguage. The Modern Language Journal. Vol.73, 279-289.
24. Mitkovska, L., Kusevska, M., and Buzarovska, E. (2013). Corpus investigations of the English interlanguage of Macedonian learners. Skopje:FON University.
25. Pratama, H., Nurkamto, J., Rustono, R. and Marmanto, S. (2017). Second Language Learners' Comprehension of Conversational Implicatures in English. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. Vol. 23(3).
26. Rueda, Y. (2006) ‘Developing pragmatic competence in a foreign language’, Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 8,pp. 169–182.
27. Saad, N.S.M., Yunus, M.M. and Embi, M.A., (2014). The successes and challenges in English language learning experiences of postgraduate international students in Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 5(19), 206-20
28. Salehi, M. (2013). The effect of instruction on the development of pragmatic competence. International Journal of Social Science Research, 1(2), 86-97.
29. Sattar, H. Q., and Farnia, M. (2014). A cross-cultural study of request speech act: Iraqi and Malay students. Applied research on English language, 3(2), 35-54.
30. Shridhar, K., and Shridhar, S. (1986). Bridging the paradigm gap: Second language acquisition theory and indigenized varieties of English. World English's, 5, 3-14.
31. Thomas, J. (1983). Cross cultural pragmatic failure. Applied Linguistics, 4, 91-112.
32. Tuncer, U. (2009). How do monolingual and bilingual language learners differ in use of learning strategies while learning a foreign language? Evidences from Mersin University. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences.
33. Vellenga, H. (2004). Learning pragmatics from ESL and EFL textbooks: How likely? TESL- Electronic Journal, 8(2), 1-18.
34. Verschueren, J. (1999). Understanding pragmatics. London ,New York, Sydney: Arnold.
35. Yang, N. D. (1999). The relationship between EFL learners' beliefs and learning strategy use. System, 27(4), 515-535.
منشور
2023-06-27
كيفية الاقتباس
Intisar Ali Radhi. (2023). Request Strategies Pragmatic Study By Iraqi Elf University Learners. Journal of Educational and Human Sciences, (24), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.33193/JEAHS.24.2023.366
إصدار
القسم
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